When selecting a dental CAD/CAM milling block, dentists should carefully consider several crucial factors to ensure optimal outcomes in restorative dentistry. Firstly, the material's mechanical properties are paramount, evaluating the block's strength, wear resistance, and durability is essential, especially in load-bearing areas like molars. The intended application, whether for crowns, bridges, or veneers, dictates the material choice, with zirconia excelling in posterior restorations for its robustness, while lithium disilicate is favored for anterior cases, providing a balance of strength and esthetics.
Additionally, the milling block's translucency and shade options play a pivotal role in achieving a natural appearance that seamlessly blends with the patient's dentition. Compatibility with CAD/CAM systems is crucial for efficient milling processes and precise restoration fabrication. Dentists should also assess the block's milling characteristics, considering factors such as milling time, tool wear, and surface finish to optimize workflow and ensure patient satisfaction.
Considering patient-specific factors, including oral hygiene, occlusal forces, and esthetic expectations, further refines the material selection. Keeping abreast of technological advancements and staying informed through continuous education enables dentists to make informed choices aligned with the latest innovations in CAD/CAM dentistry.
Here are the top 3 materials used in CAD/CAM blocks and their primary indications:
Zirconia:
Zirconia is particularly well-suited for posterior crowns and bridges where durability and strength are paramount. It is an excellent choice for cases involving heavy occlusal forces and situations where minimal restoration thickness is crucial. Zirconia's high flexural strength and resistance to wear make it an ideal material for molar restorations. Its esthetic properties have improved over time, but it is often preferred for its exceptional mechanical strength and resistance to fracture, making it suitable for applications in the posterior region.
Lithium Disilicate:
Lithium disilicate is best indicated for anterior restorations, such as single crowns and veneers, where a balance of strength and esthetics is essential. It is also suitable for conservative preparations due to its favorable bonding characteristics. Lithium disilicate provides a pleasing translucency that mimics natural tooth appearance, making it an excellent choice for visible areas. It offers a good compromise between strength and esthetics, making it particularly suitable for cases where both factors are critical. Additionally, its bonding capabilities enhance its use in minimally invasive preparations.
Polymer-Based Composites:
Polymer-based composites are often recommended for temporary restorations, provisional crowns, and bridges. They are suitable for cases where a cost-effective and easily milled material is needed for short-term use. Composite materials offer expedient solutions for temporary restorations during the period between preparation and final restoration placement. Their ease of milling and cost-effectiveness make them practical for provisional restorations, allowing patients to maintain function and aesthetics while the permanent restoration is being fabricated.
Ultimately, the choice of material should align with the specific clinical scenario, considering factors such as the location of the restoration, occlusal forces, esthetic requirements, and the patient's individual needs. Regular updates on material advancements and continuous education are crucial for dentists to stay informed about the latest developments in CAD/CAM dentistry.